ElementaryOS seems to handle it via GtkPlug and an ini-format
.plugin
file, perhaps aim for compatibility with their API? Their
example is pretty easy to follow.
GNOME3 appears to use GModules to implement their settings daemon. Unity uses a fork of this.
KDE seems to work based on configuration skeletons: you specify the fields it will expose, and then it exposes them properly.
To Be Researched
To Be Researched
To Be Researched